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Force Converter

Convert force between newtons, kN, MN, mN, dyne, kgf, gf, tonne-force, lbf, ozf, kip, and poundal. Suffix-aware input and a mass to weight table.

Quick conversions

Common force values from physics and engineering references.

N

From unit

Decimal places

Headline

Newtons

100 N

SI base unit of force.

Pounds-force

22.4809 lbf

The default in US engineering.

Equivalent mass

10.1972 kg

Mass that weighs this much at g0.

All units

The source unit is highlighted. Every other row is derived from the same newton value.

Source

Newtons

100 N

SI base unit of force. One newton accelerates a 1 kg mass at 1 m/s^2 (1 N = 1 kg*m/s^2). The standard in modern physics and engineering.

Example: 1 N is roughly the weight of a small apple on Earth

Converted

Kilonewtons

0.1 kN

One thousand newtons. The everyday unit in structural and civil engineering for loads, tensions, and reactions.

Example: 1 kN is about the weight of a 102 kg mass on Earth

Converted

Meganewtons

0.0001 MN

One million newtons. Used for very large forces such as rocket thrust and heavy press capacity.

Example: 1 MN is roughly the thrust of a small jet engine

Converted

Millinewtons

100000 mN

One thousandth of a newton. Common for small mechanisms, sensors, surface tension, and lab instruments.

Example: 1 mN is about the weight of a 0.1 g mass on Earth

Converted

Dynes

10000000 dyn

The CGS unit of force. One dyne accelerates a 1 g mass at 1 cm/s^2. Still seen in older physics texts and some optics and surface-science work.

Example: 1 N = 100,000 dyn

Converted

Kilograms-force

10.1972 kgf

Also called the kilopond (kp). The weight of one kilogram under standard gravity. Common on older metric and European workshop specs.

Example: 1 kgf = 9.80665 N

Converted

Grams-force

10197.1621 gf

The weight of one gram under standard gravity. Used for delicate forces such as keyboard switch actuation and spring scales.

Example: 1 gf = 0.00980665 N

Converted

Tonnes-force

0.0102 tf

The weight of one metric tonne (1000 kg) under standard gravity. Used to rate presses, jacks, and cranes in metric markets.

Example: 1 tf = 9806.65 N = 1000 kgf

Converted

Pounds-force

22.4809 lbf

The weight of one avoirdupois pound under standard gravity. The dominant force unit in US engineering. Often written lb or lbs in casual specs.

Example: 1 lbf is about 4.448 N

Converted

Ounces-force

359.6943 ozf

One sixteenth of a pound-force. Used for small fasteners, springs, and the pull weight of magnets and latches.

Example: 1 lbf = 16 ozf

Converted

Kips

0.0225 kip

One thousand pounds-force. A standard unit in US structural engineering for column loads and beam reactions.

Example: 1 kip = 1000 lbf ~ 4448.22 N

Converted

Poundals

723.3014 pdl

The force that accelerates a 1 lb mass at 1 ft/s^2 (the absolute foot-pound-second unit). Rare today but still appears in older mechanics texts.

Example: 1 pdl ~ 0.1383 N

Conversion factors used

Every factor is derived from the SI definition of the newton (1 N = 1 kg*m/s^2) and the exact constants: standard gravity g0 = 9.80665 m/s^2, pound = 0.45359237 kg, foot = 0.3048 m.

  • 1 kgf = 9.80665 N
  • 1 lbf = 4.44822162 N
  • 1 N ~ 0.22480894 lbf
  • 1 N = 100,000 dyn
  • 1 ozf = 0.27801385 N
  • 1 kip = 1000 lbf ~ 4448.22 N
  • 1 tf = 9806.65 N = 1000 kgf
  • 1 pdl ~ 0.13825495 N

Common force comparisons

Each row shows the same force in several units so you can sanity check a value against something familiar.

ContextNkgflbfkN
Light spring, small sensor0.10.010.0220.0001
Weight of a small apple10.1020.2250.001
Weight of a 1 kg bag of sugar101.022.2480.01
Firm finger press505.09911.240.05
Weight of a 10 kg load10010.19722.4810.1
Weight of a 51 kg mass50050.986112.4040.5
Weight of a 71 kg adult70071.38157.3660.7
1 kN, weight of a 102 kg mass1000101.972224.8091
1 tonne-force (1000 kgf)9806.6510002204.6239.8066
100 kN structural load10000010197.16222480.894100

Mass to weight on Earth

Weight is a force: weight = mass times gravity. These rows use standard gravity (g0 = 9.80665 m/s^2) to turn a familiar mass into the force it exerts on Earth.

ObjectMass (kg)Weight (N)Weight (lbf)
Small apple0.10210.22
Bag of sugar19.812.2
Laptop219.614.41
Gallon of water3.78537.128.34
Car tire1098.0722.05
Adult person71696.27156.53
Upright piano2502451.66551.16
Small car120011767.982645.55

Force is not mass

A kilogram is a mass; a kilogram-force (kgf) is the weight that mass has under standard gravity. On the Moon the same kilogram of mass weighs about one sixth as much. This converter changes between force units only and uses Earth standard gravity for the mass to weight reference. For pure mass conversions, use a weight converter instead.

How to use

  1. Type a force value, or tap a preset such as Adult weight 700 N or Hand pull 25 lbf to load an example.
  2. You can include the unit in the box, for example 25 lbf, 100 kgf, 2 kN, or 1000 dyn. Type MN for meganewtons and mN for millinewtons.
  3. Pick the source unit under From unit. If the suffix you typed differs, use the one-click swap that appears to set it as the source.
  4. Read the headline newtons, pounds-force, and equivalent mass, then scan the All units grid for every other unit at once.
  5. Set the decimal places to control precision, then copy any single result or use Copy summary for all twelve units.
  6. Use the mass to weight table to check a force against a familiar object. Everything runs in your browser with no upload.

About this tool

Force Converter changes a force value between twelve units used across physics, engineering, and everyday life, and shows every result at once so you can read or sanity check a spec without guessing. The newton (N) is the SI base unit of force, defined so that one newton accelerates a one kilogram mass at one metre per second squared (1 N = 1 kg*m/s^2). Every other unit here is defined as an exact or NIST conventional factor against the newton, and all conversions pass through newtons, so the math is auditable and consistent in both directions. The SI family covers the newton plus the kilonewton (kN) used for structural loads, the meganewton (MN) used for very large forces such as rocket thrust, and the millinewton (mN) used for small mechanisms and sensors. The CGS unit, the dyne, is included for older physics texts and surface-science work, where one newton equals exactly one hundred thousand dynes. The metric gravitational family covers the kilogram-force (kgf, also called the kilopond or kp), the gram-force (gf), and the tonne-force (tf), each defined as the weight of that mass under standard gravity, which is fixed exactly at g0 = 9.80665 m/s^2 by international agreement. The US and imperial family covers the pound-force (lbf), the dominant unit in American engineering, the ounce-force (ozf) at one sixteenth of a pound-force, the kip at one thousand pounds-force used in US structural design, and the poundal (pdl), the absolute foot-pound-second unit that accelerates a one pound mass at one foot per second squared. Because the pound is exactly 0.45359237 kg, the pound-force factor (1 lbf = 4.4482216152605 N) is exact within floating-point limits. The input box is suffix-aware, so you can paste a value straight from a spec sheet or a homework problem: type 25 lbf, 100 kgf, 2 kN, 50 gf, 1000 dyn, or even glued forms like 25lbf, and the tool reads the number. It treats a capital MN as meganewtons and a lowercase mN as millinewtons so the SI capitalisation rule is respected, and when the suffix you typed does not match the selected source unit it offers a one-click swap instead of silently misreading the value. A key feature is the mass to weight handling. Weight is a force, equal to mass times gravity, so a headline panel reports the mass on Earth that would weigh whatever force you entered, and a reference table turns familiar objects, from a small apple to a small car, into the force they exert under standard gravity in newtons and pounds-force. This is the distinction the tool keeps front and centre: a kilogram is a unit of mass, while a kilogram-force is the weight that mass has under gravity, and on the Moon the same mass weighs about a sixth as much. You can choose how many decimal places to show, copy any single result, or copy a full summary of all twelve units, and load presets for common forces. Useful for engineering students, physics homework, mechanical and structural engineers, machinists reading mixed metric and imperial specs, and anyone converting between newtons and pounds. Every calculation runs locally in your browser, so the values you type are never uploaded to a server.

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